Citrix Director provides the invite file and it can be downloaded without any issues.
Launch attempt fails with the error:

The events observed in the Event logs (Source: RemoteAssistancet):
Citrix is currently investigating the issue.
Citrix is currently investigating the issue.
Workaround:
Customers who use the latest version of CVAD and Director can use a new functionality: HDX Screen Sharing.
https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-virtual-apps-desktops/whats-new
HDX Screen sharing for Director
HDX Screen sharing is available for shadowing using Citrix Director for Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops on-premises installations and Citrix Monitor for Citrix Cloud deployments. HDX Screen sharing is the new method for shadowing and provides a native, low latency alternative to the current shadowing. HDX Screen sharing for Director is available for all VDAs, including non-domain joined and Entra ID joined VDAs.
Citrix shadowing functionality is affected after recent Microsoft OS patching.
Invite file cannot be launched from the Windows 11 machine with security update 5074109 installed.
The update contains the fix for vurnerability CVE-2026-20824: Windows Remote Assistance Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
This article will be updated during the investigation.
HDX Screen sharing:
https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-virtual-apps-desktops/whats-new
https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-virtual-apps-desktops/graphics/introduction/hdx-screen-sharing